Pronoun meaning in hindi मे Pronoun किसे कहते है, Pronoun chart के साथ 11 Kind of Pronouns और pronoun का use उदाहरण के साथ बताए हुए है –
Pronoun meaning in hindi :-
Pronoun means for-a-noun. A pronoun is a word used instead of a Noun. (अर्थात् Noun के बदले प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्द को Pronoun कहते है)
जैसे –
- Ram is a handsome boy. He is my student.
- A dog is a pet animal. It barks at night.
उपरोक्त दोनों example में Ram और dog दोनों Noun है। उदाहरण एक में अगर हम राम के बारे में और कुछ बताते है तो हम वाक्य (sentence) के subject के रूप में pronoun को use करेंगे क्योंकि बार-बार Ram का वाक्य में प्रयोग करने से वाक्य की सुंदरता खत्म होती है अर्थात् वाक्य भद्दा लगता है। इसी समस्या को दूर करने के लिए हम Pronoun का प्रयोग करते है। उपरोक्त वाक्य में He और It दोनों Ram और dog के Pronoun है।
Kind of Pronouns
- Personal Pronouns (पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम) : I, me, we, us, you, he, him, she, her, it, they, them.
- Possessive Pronouns (अधिकार वाचक सर्वनाम) : Mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs.
- Demonstrative Pronouns (संकेत वाचक सर्वनाम) : This, That, These, Those, Such, The same.
- Distributive Pronouns (व्यष्टि वाचक सर्वनाम) : Each, Either, Neither.
- Recipprocal Pronouns (पारस्परिक संबंध वाचक सर्वनाम) : Each other, one another.
- Reflexive Pronouns (निजवाचक सर्वनाम): Myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself.
- Emphatic or Emphasinzing Pronouns (दबावसूचक वाचक सर्वनाम) : Myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself का प्रयोग जब subject (कर्त्ता) को emphasis (दबाव) करने के लिए किया जाता है, तब ये Emphatic or Emphasizing Pronoun कहलाते है। अर्थात् Emphasizing Pronoun का प्रयोग सामान्यतः subject (कर्त्ता) के तुरंत बाद होता है। जैसे – He himself comes here.
- Idenfinite Pronouns (अनिश्चय वाचक सर्वनाम) : Everybody, Somebody, Nobody, Anybody, Everyone, Someone, Noone, Anyone, Everything, Something, Nothing, Anything, all, some, any, both, another, much, few, little.
- Relative Pronouns (संबंध वाचक सर्वनाम) : Who, whom, whose, which, that.
- Interrogative Pronouns (प्रश्न वाचक सर्वनाम): Who, whom, whose, which, what.
- Exclamatory Pronouns (विस्मयादिबोधक सर्वनाम) : What – [What का प्रयोग जब sense of surprise (हैरानी) के भाव को express (अभिव्यक्त) करने के लिए किया जाता है, जब वह Exclamatory Pronouns कहलाता है।
Personal Pronouns
वे Pronouns जो तीनों persons जैसे First person, Second person तथा Third person में प्रयुक्त होते है Personal pronouns कहलाते है।
Persons (पुरुष)
|
Singular number
( एकवचन)
|
Plural number (बहुवचन)
|
First person
(उत्तम पुरुष)
|
I
|
We
|
Second person
(मध्यम पुरुष) |
You
|
You
|
Third person
(अन्य पुरुष)
|
He, She, It
|
They
|
First Person :
वे pronouns जिससे बोलने वाले (speaker) का बोध होता है उसे First person का Pronouns कहा जाता है।
Table of First person :
Number
|
Nominative case
|
Objective case
|
Possessive case
|
|
Poss. adj.
|
Poss. Pron.
|
|||
Singular
|
I
|
me
|
my
|
mine
|
Plural
|
we
|
us
|
our
|
ours
|
जैसे –
- I am a teacher.
- You love me.
- This is my book.
- That book is mine.
- We are active.
- They help us.
- Our country is great.
- These pens are ours.
ऊपर में दिए गए sentences में जो underlined किये गए है वे first person के pronoun or Adjective है।
Second Person :
वे Pronoun जिससे सुनने वाले (audience) व्यक्ति का बोध होता है उसे Second person का Pronouns कहा जाता है।
Table of Second person :
Number
|
Nominative case
|
Objective case
|
Possessive case
|
|
Poss. adj.
|
Poss. Pron.
|
|||
Singular
|
You
|
You
|
Your
|
Yours
|
Plural
|
You
|
You
|
Your
|
Yours
|
जैसे –
- You are laborious.
- I love you.
- This book is yours.
- This is your book.
ऊपर में दिए गए sentences में जो underlined किये गए है वे second person के Pronoun or Adjective है।
Third Person :
वे Pronoun जिससे वैसे व्यक्तियों या वस्तुओं का बोध होता है जिसके बारे में कुछ कहा जा रहा हो उसे Third person का pronouns कहा जाता है।
Table of Third person :
Number
|
Nominative case
|
Objective case
|
Possessive case
|
|
Poss. adj.
|
Poss. Pron.
|
|||
Singular
|
He (masculine)
|
You
|
Your
|
Yours
|
She (feminine)
|
her
|
her
|
hers
|
|
It (Neuter)
|
it
|
its
|
…
|
|
Plural
|
they
|
them
|
their
|
theirs
|
जैसे –
- He loves you.
- She hates me.
- You admire him.
- Do you like it.
- These frocks are hers.
- Do you know them?
- They read in this school.
- Those bells are theirs.
- These are their notebooks
- This building is his.
ऊपर में दिए गए sentences में जो underlined किये गए है वे third person के Pronoun or Adjective है।
Use of the Pronouns of Nominative Case
1.) किसी sentence के verb के subject के रूप में nominative case के pronoun का प्रयोग होता है।
जैसे –
- He went to Jajuar last month. (His/Him went ot Jajuar last month.)
- They come here by train. (Them/ Their/ Theirs come here by train.)
2.) किसी sentence के subject के रूप में दो या दो से अधिक Pronoun किसी conjunction से जुड़कर प्रयुक्त हो तो वे nominative case में होते है।
जैसे –
- You and he were good friends. (You and him were good friends.)
- You, he and I are clever. (You, him and me are clever.)
3.) यदि किसी sentence के verb के subject के रूप में एक noun तथा एक pronoun conjunction (and, or …etc.) से जुड़कर प्रयुक्त हुए हो तो वह Pronoun nominative case में होता है
जैसे –
Karishma and I go to college everyday. (Karishma and me go to college everyday.)
4.) ‘To be’ का प्रयोग Infinitive के रूप में हो तथा इसका कोई स्पष्ट subject नहीं हो तो इसके बाद nominative case के Pronoun का प्रयोग होता है।
जैसे –
5.) Be जैसे is, are, am, was, were, has been, have been etc. के पहले प्रयुक्त noun or pronoun nominative case में हो तो इसके बाद प्रयुक्त होने वाला pronoun nominative case में होता है।
जैसे –
- It is I. (It is me.)
- It is he. (It is him.)
- It is I who have helped you. (It is me who have helped you.)
- It is he who has stolen my pen. (It is him who has stolen my pen.)
6.) किसी word (शब्द) के Apposition के रूप में एक या एक से अधिक pronoun का प्रयोग हो तथा वह word (शब्द) sentence का subject हो तो pronoun nominative case में होता है।
जैसे –
- The two of us-he and I did not agree to her proposal. (The two of us-him and me did not agree to her proposal.)
- It is I who am guilty. (It is me who am guilty.)
- I found it to be him. (I found it to be he.)
Use of the Pronouns of Objective case
1.) किसी sentence के verb के object के रूप में objective case के pronoun का प्रयोग होता है।
जैसे –
- My grandfather told me a story. (My grand father told I/ my/ a story.)
- I teach them. (I teach their/ they.)
2.) यदि किसी sentence के verb के object के रूप में दो pronouns किसी conjunction (and, or, ….etc.) से जुड़कर प्रयुक्त हुए हो तो वे objective case में होते है।
जैसे –
- My father forbade you and me to play in the sun. (My father forbade you and I to play in the sun.)
- The principal allowed her and me to take rest in the common room. (The principal allowed she and I to take rest in the common room.)
3.) यदि किसी sentence के verb के object के रूप में एक noun तथा एक pronoun किसी conjunction (and, or, nor …. etc.) से जुड़कर प्रयुक्त हुए हो तो वह noun or pronoun objective case में होता है।
जैसे –
- Her mother invited Raman and me to lunch. (Her mother invited Raman and I to lunch.)
- He saved Veena and me. (He saved Veena and I.)
Use of the Pronouns of Possenssive case
Nominative case
|
Poss. Adjective
|
Poss. Pronoun
|
I
|
my
|
mine
|
We
|
our
|
ours
|
You
|
your
|
yours
|
He
|
his
|
his
|
She
|
her
|
hers
|
It
|
its
|
…
|
- Our college was closed yesterday. (Ours college was closed yesterday.)
- Your motorcycle is new. (Yours motorcycle is new.)
- Ours is a great country. (Our is a great country.)
- Here is a good house. (Her is a good house.)
Possessive
pronouns
|
Meaning (Possessive Adjective + Noun)
|
Mine
|
My + noun
|
Ours
|
Our + noun
|
Yours
|
Your + noun
|
His
|
His + noun
|
Hers
|
Her + noun
|
Theirs
|
Their + noun
|
- Yours is a new car. means – Your car is a new car.
- Hers is a beautiful saree. means – Her saree is a beautiful saree.
- He has lost my notebooks as well as yours. (He has lost my notebooks as well as your.)
- Please save his life and hers. (Please save his life and her.)
- I perfer your company to hers. (I perfer your company to her.)
- Your problem is different from mine. (Your problem is different from my.)
Use of ‘It’
- It is raining.
- It is morning.
- It is 6 o’clock.
- It is easy to solve.
- It is no use of crying.
- It was he who helped you yesterday.
- It was Guriya whom I loved very much.
- To love with an honest man is admirable. = It is admirable to live with an honest man.
- That it will rain today is probable. = It is probable that it will rain today.
- Mr. Singh has made a mistake, and he realises it.
- I was cheated by many persons, and I know it.
- Type 1st – We think it is wrong to travel without ticket.
- Type 2nd – We think it wrong to travel without ticket.
- Type 3rd – We think wrong to travel without ticket.
Use of This
|
Use of It
|
This का प्रयोग किसी व्यक्ति/ वस्तु के नाम/ पहचान/ परिचय/ समीपता आदि का बोध करने के लिए होता है, न कि it का।
जैसे –
This is a book.
This is All India Radio.
|
It का प्रयोग समय, दुरी, मौसम आदि का बोध करने के लिए होता है न कि This का।
जैसे –
It is summer.
It is night.
|
This का प्रयोग नाम/ परिचय जानने के लिए Interrogative sentence में होता है
जैसे –
What is this ?
|
It का प्रयोग नाम/ परिचय जानने के लिए Interrogative sentence में नहीं होता है
जैसे –
|
इसे भी पढ़े – Use of Pronouns with top 31 rule